Anukta Vyadhi in Ayurveda: A Brihatrayi – Based Diagnostic Framework With Contemporary Relevance

Ayurveda is a principle-oriented medical science that prioritizes understanding the underlying pathophysiology of diseases rather than dependence on rigid disease nomenclature. The concept of Anukta Vyadhi, referring to diseases not explicitly described in classical Ayurvedic texts, reflects the epistemological depth and adaptability of Ayurveda. Classical authorities recognize that due to variations in Dosha, Desha, Kala, and Hetu, diseases are innumerable and cannot be exhaustively enumerated. In the present era, characterized by rapidly evolving lifestyle patterns and emerging multifactorial diseases, the relevance of Anukta Vyadhi has increased substantially. This review aims to explore the concept of Anukta Vyadhi as elucidated in the Brihatrayi, highlighting its Shastric foundation through Atidesha Tantrayukti and its diagnostic applicability using Rogi–Roga Pariksha, Trividha Bodhya Sangraha, Ashtavidha Pariksha, Dashavidha Pariksha, Agni and Ama Pariksha, Srotas Assessment, and Samprapti analysis. A conceptual diagnostic framework is presented to demonstrate how classical Ayurvedic principles can be systematically applied to unnamed or emerging disease conditions. Selective contemporary correlations are discussed to emphasize the enduring clinical relevance of this concept.