The cardiovascular system is responsible for the circulation of blood throughout the body, ensuring the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues and the removal of metabolic waste products. Veins are an essential component of this system, functioning as blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart. They play a crucial role in maintaining proper blood circulation, regulating blood volume, and supporting overall cardiovascular function. Structurally, veins differ from arteries by having thinner walls, larger lumens, and the presence of valves that prevent the backflow of blood. This article examines the structural organization, histological features, and functional significance of veins within the cardiovascular system. Understanding the morphology and physiological role of veins is important for studying normal circulation and the development of vascular disorders.
Saidov et al. (Mon,) studied this question.