Adversarial examples are inputs with slight intentional perturbations that lead to incorrect predictions of deep neural networks; they also threaten automatic speech recognition systems. This study proposes a method to uncover such threats in practical environments, focusing on hard‐label black‐box settings. © 2026 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Keigo Akagaki
Ayane Tajima
Satoshi Ono
IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Kagoshima University
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Akagaki et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
www.synapsesocial.com/papers/69af94e870916d39fea4bef9 — DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tee.70269
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