Investigation of Renal Protective Effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam) Extract in Acetaminophen Induced Toxicity in Albino Rats

Background: Acetaminophen is strongly linkedto a notable rise in the likelihood of developing new kidney damage. Thus, it affects the kidney and its biomarkers, as it is a vital organ in the removal of toxicants from the body.Objective: The research assessed renal biomarkers such as serum electrolytes (Na+, K+), chloride, bicarbonate, creatinine, and urea in acetaminophen-induced toxicity in albino rats and also observed the activities of these biomarkers in the albino rats when treated with Bryophyllum pinnatum.Methods: Twenty-five (25) healthy male albino rats weighing between 150-200g were randomly grouped into five (5) groups (n-6) in a standard plastic rat cage and were pre-treated as follows: groupI served asnormal control: distilled water, group II served as positive control: acetaminophen (2g/kg) + distilled water. Group III served as treatment group 1: acetaminophen (2g/kg) + plant extract (200 mg/kg b.wt), group IV served as treatment group 2: acetaminophen (2g/kg) and plant extract (400 mg/kg b.wt) and group V served as standard Control: acetaminophen (2g/kg) and vitamin E (200 mg/kg b.wt) all for 14 days.Results: When intoxicated with acetaminophen, the concentration of serum electrolytes, creatinine, urea, and chloride significantly increased, while the concentration of serum bicarbonate decreased. However, treatment with Bryophyllum pinnatum at various doses relative to body weight (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) and Vitamin E at 200mg/kg yielded positive responses in the activities of these renal biomarkers.Conclusion: The study showed that the administration of Bryophyllum pinnatumleaf extracts reduced the acetaminophen-induced changes in kidney function parameters. Thus satisfying the renal protective effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum