Language and Cognition

The article examines the issues of cognitive linguistics, which is considered a new branch of linguistics. Here, various scientists' approaches to the unity of language and thinking are widely analyzed. In general, speech expresses information that arises in human thinking, or the product of thinking is encoded through speech. A person is a social factor, the creator of the joint function of language and thinking, and the person's role in forming language as a sign system in the construction of communication is great. Cognitive linguistics studies the act of speech at the extralinguistic level. It also studies language from another aspect and linguistic phenomena in a broad framework and comprehensively to other branches of science. The emergence of cognitive linguistics makes it possible to approach the issue of language and speech from different perspectives. The listener understands what the speaker is saying in the process of communication. In the act of speech, the main goal is to comprehend the ideas expressed in speech, but the coding of information in the language is not limited to linguistic knowledge. Social and psychological factors also play an essential role here. Thus, communication between the speaker and the listener goes through mental processes; during communication, cognitive processes are always open to new information. In the article, observation and subjective assessment were used.