Understanding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Lifestyle Management

The sedentary lifestyle and stress prevalent in modern society have disrupted the normal functioning of the endocrine system, contributing to the rise of health issues such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is the most common hormonal disorder among women, affecting approximately 4-21% of those of reproductive age worldwide. It is primarily characterized by abnormal follicle development and problems with ovulation. Women with PCOS experience hormonal imbalances that can lead to irregular menstrual cycles, ovarian cysts, infertility, and other health complications. The condition also has a profound impact on mental well-being and overall quality of life. New treatment strategies, including personalized medicine and complementary therapies, are showing potential for more tailored and effective care. This review explores the underlying mechanisms, symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and current treatment options for PCOS. This review has highlighted emerging areas of research that could be considered for integration into future classifications of lifestyle management in PCOS.