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A variational calculation of the vacuum energy of a Hamiltonian lattice theory is formulated in terms of a finite box Hamiltonian for a cluster of points. The box Hamiltonian contains surface terms which are proportional to order parameters of the system. It is tested on the Ising model and applied to Z (N) spin models in 1 + 1 and 2 + 1 dimensions. Z (3) is found to have an exceptional phase-transition structure. The application of the method to local gauge theories is discussed.
D. Horn (Wed,) studied this question.
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