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Fundamental Issues in Measurement. 2. Measurement and Numbers. 3. Giving Meaning to Scores. 4. Qualities Desired in Any Measurement Procedure: Reliability. 5. Qualities Desired in Any Measurement Procedure: Validity. 6. Practical Issues Related to Testing. 7. Assessment and Educational Decisions. 8. Aptitude Tests. 9. Standardized Achievement Tests. 10. Performance and Product Evaluation. 11. Interests, Personality, and Adjustment. 12. Attitudes and Rating Scales. 13. Assessment and Exceptional Children. 14. Ethics and Issues in Assessment. 15. Principles of Objective Test Development. 16. Special Topics in Test Development and Use. References. Appendix 1: Calculating the Mean, Standard Deviation, and Correlation Coefficient. Appendix 2: Percent of Cases Falling Below Selected Values on the Normal Curve. Appendix 3: Sources for Educational Appendix 4: Commercially Available Psychological and Educational Tests and Inventories. Name Index. Subject Index.
S. et al. (1961) studied this question.