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A high-speed silicon optical modulator based on the free carrier plasma dispersion effect is presented. It is based on carrier depletion of a pn diode embedded inside a silicon-on-insulator waveguide. To achieve high-speed performance, a travelling-wave design is used to allow co-propagation of the electrical and optical signals along the length of the device. The resulting modulator has a 3 dB bandwidth of ∼30 GHz and can transmit data up to 40 Gbit/s.
Liao et al. (2007) studied this question.