What does this research mean for the field?

Modern aircraft and UAV navigation systems face five core vulnerabilities—including GPS signal loss, INS drift, and electronic warfare degradation—which can be mitigated through advanced technologies such as Kalman filter algorithms, AI-based navigation, SLAM, and redundant sensor architectures. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

This research examines the main problems in navigation systems of aircraft and suggests technological solutions.

May 31, 2026Open Access

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Problems in Navigation Systems of AIrcraft and Their Solutions

Key Points

This research examines the main problems in navigation systems of aircraft and suggests technological solutions.
Systematic analysis of navigation issues based on ICAO, EUROCONTROL, and NASA documentation.
Evaluation of contemporary solutions including EKF/UKF algorithms and AI-based navigation.
Classification of problems into core categories such as GPS signal loss and inertial navigation drift.
Identified five major problem categories affecting navigation accuracy and reliability.
Proposed solutions such as terrain-aided navigation and fault-tolerant sensor architectures.
Highlighted the effectiveness of algorithms in mitigating GPS and sensor failure issues.

Abstract

This article systematically analyses the principal problems encountered in navigation systems of modern aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and evaluates contemporary technological solutions. Five core problem categories are identified: GPS signal loss and spoofing attacks, inertial navigation system (INS) drift accumulation, sensor failures due to electromagnetic interference and environmental factors, navigation degradation under electronic warfare (EW) conditions, and meteorological influences on navigation accuracy. Solutions examined include Extended and Unscented Kalman Filter (EKF/UKF) algorithms, artificial intelligence-based navigation, visual odometry and SLAM, terrain-aided navigation (TAN), and redundant fault-tolerant sensor architectures. The study draws on ICAO, EUROCONTROL, and NASA technical documentation, as well as peer-reviewed publications from IEEE Aerospace & Electronic Systems.

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Problems in Navigation Systems of AIrcraft and Their Solutions

Key Points

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