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February 6, 2026European Heart Journal

Gut microbiota signatures in subclinical atherosclerosis: links to lipid metabolism and cardiovascular risk modulation

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Why the study?

Improving the understanding of the gut microbiota's role in cardiovascular events is crucial for advancing current cardiovascular risk stratification strategies.

Is gut microbiota composition associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism in adults over 45?

Population

500 Italian patients over the age of 45 from a local cohort of 1043 subjects

Comparison

Presence vs absence of subclinical atherosclerosis

Design

Substudy of a multicentre prospective open-label RCT

Key result

Gut microbiota species such as Oscillibacter sp. MSJ 31 exhibited a significant negative correlation with triglyceride levels (r = -0.16), highlighting their potential role in lipid metabolism.

Authors

ADA D'aielloSMSofia MoriniDPD Pedicino

Discussion

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Overview

Associated with absent subclinical ASCVD; leaves open causality and therapeutic implications.

Key Points

  • The study aims to investigate the role of gut microbiota in subclinical atherosclerosis and its association with lipid metabolism and cardiovascular risk.
  • Analyzed data from a multicentre RCT involving 1043 Italian participants aged over 45.
  • Conducted clinical assessments, including Doppler ultrasound and lifestyle questionnaires.
  • Performed alpha and beta diversity analysis of gut microbiota in 500 subjects using MetaPhlAn 4 and HUMAnN 3.9 software.
  • Correlations between specific bacteria and lipid levels, including cholesterol and triglycerides, were assessed.
  • Beta diversity analysis revealed significant separation in gut microbiota profiles between subjects with and without subclinical atherosclerosis.
  • Certain bacteria, like Oscillibacter sp. ER4, are associated with lower triglyceride levels, indicating a potential modulatory effect on lipid metabolism.
  • Specific microbial communities, including Oscillibacter spp. and Anaerostipes hadrus, are correlated with a reduced presence of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Study Design

Type

RCT (n=1,043)

Blinding

Open-label

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Is gut microbiota composition associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism in adults over 45?

P
Population
1043 Italian patients over the age of 45 evaluated for gut microbiota signatures, lipid metabolism, and subclinical atherosclerosis.
O
Outcome
Association between gut microbiota composition (Alpha and Beta diversity) and the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis (ASCVD)surrogate

Main Result

Effect estimate: r = -0.16

Specific gut microbiota profiles, notably the presence of Oscillibacter sp. and Anaerostipes hadrus, are associated with a lower likelihood of subclinical atherosclerosis and favorable triglyceride profiles.

Cite This Study

D'aiello et al. (2025) conducted an RCT in Subclinical atherosclerosis (n=1,043). Educational mobile health intervention vs. Usual care was evaluated on Gut microbiota diversity and its correlation with subclinical atherosclerosis and lipid levels (r = -0.16). Gut microbiota species such as Oscillibacter sp. MSJ 31 exhibited a significant negative correlation with triglyceride levels (r = -0.16), highlighting their potential role in lipid metabolism.

synapsesocial.com/papers/698585888f7c464f23008fcdhttps://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf784.3471
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