Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is an increasingly prevalent occupational health concern associated with prolonged use of digital devices, affecting millions worldwide. Characterized by symptoms such as eyestrain, dryness, blurred vision, redness, and headaches, CVS significantly affects productivity and quality of life. This review highlights the growing burden, risk factors, pathophysiology, and preventive strategies related to CVS. Key contributing factors include extended screen time, poor ergonomics, reduced blink rate, improper screen positioning, and lack of regular breaks. Dry eye disease plays a central role in its pathogenesis due to increased corneal exposure and decreased tear film stability. Preventive strategies, particularly the 20-20-20 rule, have shown effectiveness in reducing symptoms and improving ocular surface health. Ergonomic modifications, such as positioning screens below eye level and maintaining proper posture, further help in minimizing discomfort. Despite its high prevalence, awareness regarding CVS remains inadequate among both employees and employers, leading to underutilization of preventive measures. Implementation of workplace policies, regular awareness sessions, and adherence to evidence-based ergonomic practices are essential to mitigate the rising burden of CVS. Addressing these factors is crucial to promote ocular health and ensure a safer, more productive working environment in the digital age.
Ahmed et al. (2026) studied this question.