Abstract Construction and demolition (C&D) waste poses a major challenge to sustainable infrastructure development, especially in rapidly developing countries such as Iraq. This study aims to develop a structured decision-support framework to minimize construction waste in Iraqi infrastructure projects. A mixed-methods approach, incorporating quantitative surveys and qualitative expert interviews, was employed to identify key drivers of waste and evaluate management strategies. Analytical tools such as the Relative Importance Index (RII), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques including AHP and Delphi were used. Findings revealed that inadequate planning, poor material handling, and lack of policy enforcement are major contributors to waste. The proposed framework integrates expert knowledge, stakeholder input, and contextual challenges to support practical, data-driven decision-making. Recommendations are provided for policymakers and construction professionals aiming to implement sustainable waste management practices.
ali hussien (Mon,) studied this question.
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