The increase in the number of motor vehicles in Medan City has led to traffic congestion and higher carbon emissions, contributing to worsening air pollution. According to data from the Medan Environmental Agency, carbon emissions from the transportation sector increased from 1,575 tons in 2020 to 2,154 tons in 2022. In addition, data from Kumparan Tech (2019) showed that Medan recorded an Air Quality Index (AQI) score of 78, placing it among the five cities with the highest levels of air pollution in Indonesia. To address this issue, the Medan City Government implemented green transportation through an electric-based Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system as part of its sustainable development efforts. However, its implementation has not been optimal due to limited bus stop facilities, insufficient fleets and infrastructure, a decline in passenger numbers caused by the digital payment system, and a lack of coordination among stakeholders. This research employed a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The theory used in this study is Litman’s (2015) green transportation theory, which includes the indicators of safety, environmental impact, comfort, and land use. The findings indicate that the implementation of green transportation through the Bus Rapid Transit system in Medan City has not been optimal, as facilities do not yet meet green transportation standards, public outreach remains limited, and there is no full coordination among stakeholders. This study recommends strengthening regulations, enhancing coordination among stakeholders, and improving service quality as strategic efforts to support the vision of Medan City as a green and sustainable city.
Lubis et al. (Mon,) studied this question.