Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) maintain the super capability of remodeling transportation structures via presentation of a whole lot of programs, ranging from improving road protection to supplying recreational services . However, the dynamic and decentralized nature of VANETs via layout affords giant problems, specifically in dealing with successful facts routing while ensuring robust protection and protective personal privacy. To cope with such troubles, this study introduces the Secure and Efficient Vehicular Ad-hoc Network Routing (SEVAN-R) protocol, a unique answer designed specifically for VANET settings. SEVAN-R combines some present-day functions in order to obtain the dual objectives of boosting protection and improving efficiency in VANET connections. The usage of nodes as sentinels, which watch over nearby nodes to assess their reliability, is a crucial issue of SEVAN-R. By identifying and setting apart probably dangerous nodes, a distributed selection approach can be given as an authentic method that reduces the danger of information alteration or unauthorized admission . Furthermore, SEVAN-R integrates many security layers to ensure the integrity of the computer. These include structures for inspecting the sentinels' historic conduct patterns in order to confirm their dependability and integrity. The proposed method minimizes the possibility of manipulation or tampering by utilizing sophisticated techniques to shield the integrity of records applied in consideration reviews. The results demonstrate that SEVAN-R outperforms existing methods, achieving an 85% Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), an 80% throughput, a 75% reduction in delay, and a 90% trust management score. These outcomes highlight the framework's novelty in enhancing network reliability and security, especially in environments with high mobility and varying traffic densities. Received: 9 April 2025 | Revised: 16 June 2025 | Accepted: 24 June 2025 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study. Author Contribution Statement Subramaniyan Kalpana Devi: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Visualization. Ramasamy Thenmozhi: Resources, Writing – review & editing, Supervision, Project administration.
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