The Haritha Karma Sena (HKS) is a flagship waste management initiative by the Government of Kerala that addresses environmental challenges through community participation. These workers who are predominantly women, are instrumental in unsung proper waste collection and segregation throughout the state. Despite their crucial role, they face numerous challenges that impact their wellbeing. This study explores the main challenges HKS workers face and the evolution of their responsibilities. It focuses on their socioeconomic profile, occupational challenges, and the impact of local waste management strategies. A primary survey of 30 HKS workers revealed that most are middle-aged women from Below Poverty Line (BPL) households. The findings indicate a positive shift in people’s attitudes and an increase in women’s empowerment. However, the study also highlights significant challenges such as financial insecurity, health risks, and lack of safety measures. Suggestions for improvement include wage increases, enhanced infrastructure, and public awareness campaigns.
K et al. (Sun,) studied this question.