Review of the Challenges and Prospects in Agrivoltaics

Agri‐photovoltaics (agri‐PV) offer a promising synergy between renewable energy generation and agricultural productivity, enabling dual land use to address growing food and energy demands. This review presents a comprehensive synthesis of recent developments in agri‐PV technologies, with a particular focus on structural design typologies (e.g., overhead, vertical, dynamic tracking systems), land‐use efficiency indicators (e.g., land equivalent ratio and ground coverage ratio), and climate–crop–PV interactions. Critical technoeconomic parameters such as the levelized cost of electricity and levelized cost of agrivoltaics are emphasized, highlighting their role in assessing financial viability. Through global case studies—including the co‐ownership revenue‐sharing model—it is explored how agri‐PV systems can be economically viable for both PV developers and farmers. In addition, the article examines underrepresented dimensions such as impacts on biodiversity, long‐term soil health, and ecosystem resilience. Persistent barriers such as public acceptance, policy inconsistencies, and the absence of universal design standards are also discussed. By identifying existing knowledge gaps and emerging opportunities, this review aims to guide interdisciplinary collaboration toward the development of sustainable, scalable, and ecologically sensitive agri‐PV systems worldwide.