This study proposes a groundbreaking earthquake disaster simulation system based on 3D GIS technology. The purpose of this system is to improve the efficiency of post-earthquake emergency rescue by integrating spatial analysis, building damage assessment and dynamic scenario modeling. The designed system adopts a multi-source data fusion framework, integrating remote sensing images, digital elevation models (IDW/Spline/Kriging interpolation algorithms) and 3D vector modeling (MultiPatch/SketchUp). The system can realize pre-earthquake disaster simulation and post-earthquake scene reconstruction. This study innovatively proposes a quantitative model for building damage, which predicts the probability of structural collapse by coupling earthquake intensity, building attributes (age, structure type) and site conditions. Taking the 2010 Yushu earthquake in Qinghai (M7.1) as an example for verification, the simulation results of this study show that the error of the disaster-affected area is only 3.5% (simulated 3,185Formula: see textkm 2 vs actual 3,300Formula: see textkm 2 ), and the deviation of rescue response time is Formula: see text% (simulated 6.3Formula: see texth vs actual 6.5Formula: see texth). The Formula: see text space algorithm is used to achieve computational optimization, and it takes 8.2Formula: see textmin to process 50,000 buildings. The system limitations are reflected in the delay of real-time data of large-scale disasters and the accuracy of complex terrain modeling. The modular design supports regional customization and can adapt to local seismic parameters. In the future, the real-time data of the Internet of Things and the secondary disaster chain model (landslide, flood) will be introduced to improve the comprehensive risk assessment system.
Yan Li (2025) studied this question.