Background: Chronic kidney disease is one of the leading public health problems that affect millions of women and men worldwide. Aims: This study aims to examine the effect of deep breathing to reduce discomfort amongst patient undergoing haemodialysis (HD). Materials and Methods: This randomised controlled experimental study was conducted consisted of 108 patients (54 in each group) who undergoing HD in hospitalised adults’ patients between November 2024 and February 2025 to examine the effect of the deep breathing on the discomfort level during HD. The study data were collected using the structured information form, Discomfort questionnaire scale for discomfort. The data were analysed using the SPSS software version 27. Results: The demographic characteristics of the individuals participating in this investigation spanned from 18 years of age and above, with a calculated mean age of (48.96 ± 12.490 in study group and 48.48 ± 13.729 in control group) years, and the majority of participants are male in the study group (70.4%) a. while control group was (64.8%) male . Conclusions: Performing deep breathing exercises for 20 min, twice per day for a three weeks; can reduce maintenance HD patients’ discomfort level.
Chyad et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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