What type of study is this?

This is a Process Tracing study.

September 10, 2025Open Access

Beyond the Libya Intervention Narrative: (How) Does R2p Still Matter to Africa?

Puntos clave

R2P's role in Africa remains significant despite the Libya intervention's controversies, indicating potential growth in norms.
The paper analyses the implications of the Libya case using process tracing, highlighting R2P's complexities.
Interventions like Libya's should be viewed as part of a dialectical norm development process rather than merely as failures.
Strengthening the UN-African Union consensus on R2P is crucial for its future role in preventing atrocities in Africa.

Resumen

The 2011 R2P-inspired intervention in Libya remains pivotal in the ‘humanitarian’ intervention narrative in Africa. Perceived diminution of African roles in the lead up to the intervention, along with post-intervention morbid symptoms, to R2P skeptics, symbolized pyrrhic victory and failed normative test. Drawing on process tracing, this paper speaks to alternative explanations regarding the Libya case. It acknowledges the dilemmas of the intervention but argues against wielding them as inculpatory evidence to pronounce a guilty verdict to justify the Africa Union’s ‘soft’ or ‘hard’, disengagement from R2P. Rather, the intervention should be construed as a dialectical process of an embryonic norm to stimulate institutional complementarity. The extent to which United Nations-African Union cross-cultural consensus is fostered the implementation of R2P’s coercive components, along with its preventive dimensions, will be crucial in determining the norm’s place in Africa’s atrocity prevention agenda for the foreseeable future.

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