This paper develops a procedural model to formalize the emergence of power as an emergent property of decentralized social feedback, imitation, and influence dynamics. Building on prior models of norm emergence, we extend the framework to incorporate heterogeneous influence weights reflecting agents' symbolic standing and material resources. In doing so, we bridge classical sociological theories of power—including Weberian authority, Bourdieuian capital, and Emersonian dependence—with a tractable microfoundational mechanism grounded in reward-sensitive behavior and reputational dynamics. We demonstrate how differential weighting of social feedback leads to the stabilization of power hierarchies and centralized influence within groups. The model formalizes power as a process rather than a static attribute, providing a unified account of how influence asymmetries emerge, persist, and shape collective action. We illustrate these dynamics with the case of Harriet Tubman's leadership in the Underground Railroad, showing how symbolic legitimacy and strategic resource use combined to produce charismatic authority. By clarifying the procedural underpinnings of power emergence, our contribution advances the understanding of influence, authority, and social structure, laying groundwork for cumulative theory-building.
Marbach et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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