Patterns of Elder Caregiving Among Nigerians: Integrative Review

Conducting an integrative literature review on patterns of elder caregiving in Nigeria is crucial for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the evolving dynamics and factors that influence caregiving practices in the country. As Nigeria, like many other nations, undergoes demographic shifts, such as an increasing aging population and changing family structures, it becomes essential to examine existing literature. This review aims to identify prevalent patterns of elder caregiving, explore the roles and responsibilities of caregivers, and shed light on the challenges and support needs within the unique Nigerian context. This integrative review examined elder caregiving patterns in Nigeria. The articles were sourced from databases such as Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Medline. The review followed the rigorous integrative review methodology and adhered to the PRISMA guidelines, ensuring a comprehensive and reliable analysis of the literature. This review utilized a data extraction matrix and thematic analysis to retrieve and analyze relevant information from the selected articles. The review included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies published in peer-reviewed academic journals written in English. An intersectional lens was employed to examine the interconnectedness of individual experiences and systems of marginalization. Twenty articles published between 1991 and December 2022 that explored cultural, familial, and societal aspects of elder care-giving in Nigeria were examined. The findings revealed six main themes: cultural influences, gender differences, family dynamics, economic factors, challenges faced by Nigerian caregivers, and government policies and support, shedding light on the current and multifaceted nature of elder caregiving in Nigeria. The study highlights the intricate nature of elder caregiving in Nigeria and emphasizes the significance of enhancing existing support systems while also creating more comprehensive support systems and policies. Addressing challenges faced by caregivers, such as conflicting responsibilities, limited healthcare access, and a lack of formal support, necessitates a multi-dimensional approach involving government interventions, community initiatives, and cultural transformations. Recognizing the intersectional dynamics and promoting inclusive caregiving practices are crucial for enhancing the well-being and quality of life for caregivers and elderly individuals. Future research should further examine transnational caregiving and develop targeted interventions to address the unique needs and challenges in diverse caregiving contexts, both domestically and in the diaspora.