p style=text-align: justify;Broadband access telecommunications networks require a detailed analysis of energy consumption and the implementation of redundant structures for efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Increasing energy prices and the need for network reliability highlight the importance of optimizing energy consumption and reducing environmental impact. The solution lies in designing networks that maintain functionality with lower energy consumption and lower emissions of harmful substances. This paper analyzes the energy consumption and redundant structure of FTTH and FTTB networks, where FTTB uses copper pairs from the active stage to the subscriber. Access networks are the largest consumers of energy due to the numerous active elements, especially in the electronic domain. The total energy consumption in the network can be expressed as the sum of the consumption in the exchange (EECO), the active stage (EEAS) and at the subscriber (EECP), multiplied by the number of subscribers N(t). Redundant devices ensure continuity of operation by taking over functions in the event of a failure. To reduce emissions and improve energy efficiency, it is crucial to explore the application of green technologies as a solution for powering telecommunications devices. Sustainable network development requires a balance between energy efficiency, reliability and cost-effectiveness, with the application of new technologies that reduce the ecological footprint./p
Havić et al. (Fri,) studied this question.