An Observational Study on the Treatment Outcomes of Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy in Children

Background: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy, marked by abnormal enlargement of the adenoids and tonsils, is common in children and can cause various health issues. For severe cases, surgical intervention, mainly adenotonsillectomy, is often recommended and has proven effective in improving airway obstruction, sleep quality, and overall health outcomes. This study aimed to assess the treatment Outcomes of adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Head & Neck Surgery (ENT), Dhaka National Medical Institute Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2023 to June 2023. A total of 57 children with primary symptoms of mouth breathing, snoring, and sleep disturbances were purposively enrolled as study subjects. For data analysis, MS Office tools were applied. Results: Most participants (61.4%) were aged 2-5 years and female (60%). All participants (100%) reported symptoms of nasal blockage, snoring, and mouth breathing. A majority (61.4%) had grade 2 tonsillar hypertrophy. After 3 months of medical treatment, 57.9% experienced complete relief of nasal symptoms, including sleep apnea, 24.6% showed moderate improvement, and 17.5% saw no improvement. Conclusion: Intranasal steroids, combined with oral amoxicillin e-clavulanic acid and montelukast, reduce adenotonsillar hypertrophy symptoms and lower surgical intervention rates. This approach targets inflammation and infection, potentially improving patients' quality of life. More studies are needed to establish guidelines and optimize treatment.