TROPION-Lung01 Results Indicate PFS Benefit With Datopotamab Deruxtecan Over Docetaxel in Previously Treated Nonsquamous NSCLC. A critique and question

This commentary critically reviews the findings of the TROPION-Lung01 Phase III study, which compared the efficacy and safety of datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) with docetaxel in patients with pretreated advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study reported a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) for the overall population, with a pronounced benefit in patients with nonsquamous histology. However, no significant increase in overall survival (OS) was observed. While Dato-DXd exhibited a favorable safety profile, with fewer treatment-related adverse events compared to docetaxel, concerns arose regarding an increased progression risk in patients with squamous histology. This commentary also explores the study’s adherence to CONSORT guidelines in presenting absolute and relative risks and reflects on how these findings might be communicated to patients considering Dato-DXd treatment for NSCLC.