Rearrangement of individual atoms in a 2000-site optical-tweezer array at cryogenic temperatures

Arrays of single atoms trapped in optical tweezers have become a leading platform for quantum science and technology. A challenge at the frontier of the field is to scale up the number of atoms into the thousands. In addition, combining these arrays with a cryogenic environment would come with significant gains in lifetime and fidelity of quantum operations. This study successfully combines large-scale atomic arrays with a cryogenic environment, at a temperature of 6 K. The authors demonstrate the rearrangement of more than 800 atoms within a 2000-site array and discuss possible improvements of the setup, in a key step toward better, larger atom arrays for quantum technologies.