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The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of online group work practices in Malaysia, reshaping how students, university attendees, and professionals engage in collaborative learning within digital settings. How learners perceive and embrace this online group work is a key aspect. Connectivism theory highlights four core principles crucial to all learning experiences. In this study, connectivism theory is applied to explore learners' perceptions of diversity and openness, connectedness, autonomy, and the relationship between them. This quantitative study used a survey questionnaire with 23 items separated into three main sections. The results of 166 responses suggest that learners' perceptions of online group work are influenced by diversity and openness as well as connectedness and autonomy. Connectivism also shows a moderate and strong positive significant association across variables. Thus, online group work should incorporate these principles to explore the perception of learners.
Fakir et al. (Sat,) studied this question.