Numerical Simulation Study on Hydraulic Characteristics and Wear of Eccentric Semi-Ball Valve under Sediment Laden Water Flow

To investigate the variation laws of various hydraulic parameters and internal fluid flow patterns of eccentric semi-ball valves under different boundary conditions, the DPM model was used to numerically simulate the eccentric semi-ball valve based on Fluent 2021 R1 software. The flow velocity, pressure distribution, and erosion wear rate on the valve wall were simulated under different combinations of opening, inlet flow velocity, and sediment concentration conditions, and hydraulic parameters such as drag coefficient, flow coefficient, and cavitation coefficient were calculated. The results show that as the opening of the eccentric semi-ball valve increases, the valve drag coefficient decreases, the flow coefficient increases, the cavitation coefficient increases, and the degree of cavitation decreases. The flow velocity in the high-velocity zone at both ends of the valve plate decreases, and the gradient of water flow velocity passing through the valve decreases. The area of the low-velocity zone at the rear of the valve plate decreases, and the vortex phenomenon gradually weakens; as the sediment content in the water increases, the valve drag coefficient increases, the flow coefficient decreases, and the cavitation coefficient first increases and then decreases. The maximum flow velocity of the pipeline decreases faster and faster, causing an increase in pressure gradient in the flow area and drastic changes. This results in higher pressure on the pipe wall near the valve plate, especially a significant increase in negative pressure; As the inlet flow rate increases, the valve drag coefficient decreases, the flow coefficient increases, and the cavitation coefficient gradually decreases. The flow velocity of the water passing through the valve increases, and the low-pressure area downstream of the valve plate increases. The pressure gradient at both ends of the valve port increases significantly from small to large, and the positive pressure upstream of the valve plate gradually increases. The force of the water flow on the valve plate is large, causing friction between the valve stem and the valve body, which is not conducive to long-term operation. With the increase in inlet flow rate, the maximum wear amount and wear range of the valve plate have significantly increased, and erosion wear is mainly distributed in point blocks at the edge of the valve plate. This study can provide certain references and solutions for the key technology research of eccentric semi-ball valves and assess the performance indicators of the operation being maintained.