Effects of Ginkgo Biloba on memory and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease

This integrative review aims to synthesize scientific evidence on the effects of Ginkgo biloba on memory and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Twenty-five studies published between 2010 and 2023 were analyzed, including randomized clinical trials, observational studies, and systematic reviews. The databases used included PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SciELO, with keywords such as "Ginkgo biloba," "Alzheimer's disease," "cognitive function," and "neuroprotection." The results indicate that Ginkgo biloba possesses neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties that contribute to the improvement of cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Several studies demonstrated that Ginkgo biloba supplementation results in significant improvements in memory, attention, and executive function. Additionally, the combination of Ginkgo biloba with conventional treatments, such as cholinesterase inhibitors, proved to be particularly effective, enhancing therapeutic effects and offering a more holistic approach to disease management. Despite the promising results, the review highlights the need for more well-controlled, long-term clinical trials to standardize dosages and treatment protocols, as well as to confirm the safety and efficacy of Ginkgo biloba. The variability in study methods and administered dosages was a significant limitation, pointing to the need for further research in this area. In conclusion, Ginkgo biloba emerges as a valuable and promising therapeutic alternative in the management of Alzheimer's disease, offering improvements in cognitive function and quality of life for patients.