Abstract 29: Utilizing Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Exosomes for Inflammation Modulation and Tissue Regeneration: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy

Abstract Introduction Umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived exosomes, with their cup-shaped morphology and rich cargo of proteins, lipids, and RNAs, are small extracellular vesicles isolated from the umbilical cord blood. Notably, they express specific markers such as CD9, CD63, and CD81. UCB-derived exosomes have shown remarkable potential in anti-inflammatory responses and tissue regeneration, making them a hope for therapeutic applications in various medical fields. Objectives This study aims to evaluate the effect of UCB-derived exosomes, a potential game-changer, on exploring potential future applications of these exosomes in regenerative medicine, immunotherapy, and other therapeutic areas. Methods The size distribution and concentration of exosomes were analyzed using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). A scratch wound healing assay was used to measure wound coverage at 0 and 10 hours, both in the presence and absence of exosomes. The concentration of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) was measured using an ELISA assay in control and exosome-treated samples under different conditions to assess the immunomodulatory properties of the exosomes. Cell proliferation was monitored over five days using the MTT assay to determine the proliferative effect of exosomes on cell growth. Results NTA was conducted to identify the purified nanoparticles derived from UCB. The isolated exosomes exhibited a spherical morphology with an average size of approximately 115.4 nm and expressed exosome-specific markers CD9, CD63, and CD81. The results demonstrated that all UCB-derived exosomes significantly reduced TNF expression in LPS-challenged macrophages. Subsequently, we incubated CCD966SK cells with UCB-derived exosomes. MTT and scratch wound assays showed that UCB-derived exosomes significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration. Discussion The study's findings, which highlight the significant therapeutic potential of exosomes in enhancing wound healing, modulating immune responses, and promoting cell proliferation, could potentially revolutionize regenerative medicine and immunotherapy. The wound healing assay results confirm that exosomes facilitate cellular repair processes. Immunomodulation assays showed that exosomes can effectively alter immune responses, which is potentially beneficial for treating inflammatory conditions. The increased cell growth observed in the MTT assay suggests that exosomes may support tissue regeneration and repair. These findings underscore the promising role of exosomes in therapeutic interventions, offering new avenues for treatment and healing.