Factors associated with patient-reported mouth opening activity limitations in individuals with persistent intra-articular temporomandibular disorders: A cross-sectional study exploring physical and self-reported outcomes.

Individuals living with intra-articular temporomandibular disorders (IA-TMDs) often report limitations with mouth opening activities. While clinical measures such as active range of motion (AROM) and movement quality are often used to assess mouth opening function, it is unclear if and how these relate to patient-reported limitations and whether other factors such as kinesiophobia influence mouth opening activities in those with IA-TMDs.