Structural reorganisation in higher-order brain networks of the common marmoset from infancy to adulthood revealed by DTI tractography

Adolescence is a critical period in development where neuropsychiatric symptoms emerge. The most striking morphological changes in the brain throughout this time are seen in white matter. Here we present a large longitudinal non-human primate study mapping detailed changes in the structural DTI connectome from infancy to adulthood, showing changes in connectivity across this period in higher order association areas, particularly in prefrontal cortex. We demonstrate integration of subcortical structures across hemispheres in the adult brain alongside differentiation of right and left prefrontal areas in their community structure.