Treatment of ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (literature review)

This literature review explores the current landscape of treatment strategies for ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a subtype characterized by rearrangements in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene. The appearance of ALK inhibitors has revolutionized the management of this cancer, offe­ring targeted therapeutic options that significantly improve patient outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety profiles of first-generation ALK inhibitors, such as crizotinib, second-generation inhibitors like alectinib and ceritinib, and third-generation inhibitors including lorlatinib. It also delves into the mechanisms of resistance that develop during treatment and the strategies to overcome them, such as the use of combination therapies and novel agents under investigation. Furthermore, the review addresses the challenges and future directions in the treatment of ALK-positive NSCLC, emphasizing the need for personalized medicine approaches and continuous research to optimize and extend the benefits of ALK-targeted therapies. Through an in-depth analysis of current studies and clinical trials, this review aims to provide insights into improving the management and prognosis of patients with ALK-positive NSCLC.