Feasibility assessment of smart grid technology for the Sri Lankan urban areas

This study examines the viability of using smart grid technology in the urban areas of Sri Lanka as a solution to the electricity sector's challenges. Considering the elevated energy costs and reliance on costly fossil fuels, there is an urgent require for inventive alternatives. Smart grids have the potential to yield several advantages, including enhanced efficiency, seamless integration of renewable energy sources, and improved control of demand-side operations. The article assesses the viability and constraints of smart grids by conducting expert interviews and reviewing relevant existing literature. The development of an implementation framework is guided by insights provided by ten professionals from diverse sectors of the power sector. This study aims to identify the essential elements of smart grid systems that can be related to the Sri Lankan context including Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), distributed energy resources, and demand response systems. Challenges including initial capital expenditures and risks related to cybersecurity are highlighted, with experts providing solutions for mitigation. A staged strategy for implementation, focusing on cost-effectiveness and cross-border cooperation is advocated. Methodologically, the study utilises qualitative analytic tools and semi-structured interviews to collect and analyse data. Findings from this study underscore the possibilities of smart grid technologies to enhance grid stability, reduce fossil fuel consumption, and improve dependability. Despite challenges, the study shows the necessity of smart grid deployment for attaining a more efficient, dependable, and sustainable energy system in Sri Lanka's urban areas.