A Survey of Cyber Security and Safety in Industrial Control Systems

The utilization of network technology in Industrial Control Systems (ICS) is becoming increasingly prevalent due to advancements in the Fifth Generation Networks (5G), the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, and big data. These technologies have significantly enhanced intelligent mobile device data transmission speed and interaction levels. The connection of ICS devices to a network gives rise to supplementary security considerations. Hence, this paper must analyze and synthesize pertinent scholarly works on cyber security and safety within the ICS sector. This paper further categorizes the security risks that ICS may encounter into six distinct areas: attack, detect, risk estimation, incident response, protect, and incident prevention. Extensive literature evaluations and rigorous research were conducted to examine the subject matter thoroughly. Based on the findings, comprehensive suggestions and strategic approaches were produced for each specific area. This paper proposed the ICS-based Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA) to evaluate the threat and solution for enhancing ICS security and safety.