Three‐dimensional (3D) woven flax fiber/polylactic acid (PLA) composites for high flexural strength

Abstract Three dimensional (3D) textiles are preferable reinforcing materials for composites with lightweight and higher mechanical properties. In this study, a 3D woven flax fiber reinforced PLA composite with better flexural and tensile properties was developed. Four hybrid yarns with varied PLA contents were prepared as warp, weft and z‐yarns to weave the 3D preform and then changed to composites through compression molding technology without additional fillers and matrixes. The composite's flexural and tensile properties were studied and an optimum value of 78.0 and 140.0 MPa respectively were found. Stress strain properties were also discussed which implies the flexural elongation is higher than those of tensile values. The microstructure was analyzed using optical microscope and SEM equipment's showed composites with higher PLA content were more brittle due to the PLA inimitable behavior. The thermal properties of the 3D composites made with different Flax/PLA combinations have closer and comparable values. One way ANOVA statistical analysis was done to show the significancy of PLA /Flax mass ratio, which has a significant effect on composite's properties. This study could bring a novel procedural approach for an advanced 3D woven composites for load bearing applications. Highlights 3D woven flax /PLA composite was developed using Flax/PLA hybrid yarns Tensile and flexural properties were studied Flexural strength increases with PLA, but, slightly lower in its strain PLA/Flax mass ratio has a significant effect on composite's properties The mechanical strengths were improved compared to the related findings