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We argue that the long-standing issues of neutrino mass and dark matter can be manifestly solved in a dark gauge symmetry U (1) D that transforms nontrivially only for three right-handed neutrinos ₁, ₂, ₃ₑ -- the counterparts of known left-handed neutrinos. This theory assigns ₁, ₂, ₃ₑ dark charge to be D=0, -1, and +1, respectively, in order for anomaly cancelation. Additionally, it imposes an inert Higgs doublet and two Higgs singlets, with dark charge D=+1, -1, and +2, respectively. That said, the dark symmetry is broken by (by two units) down to a dark parity PD= (-1) D, for which ₂, ₃ₑ and, are odd, whereas all other fields are even due to D=0. The lightest of these odd fields is stabilized by PD, responsible for dark matter. Neutrino masses are generated by a scotoseesaw scheme, in which the seesaw part is mediated by ₁ₑ, while the scotogenic part is mediated by ₂, ₃ₑ, for which the hierarchy of atmospheric and solar neutrino mass splittings is explained.
Dong et al. (Tue,) studied this question.