Caregiver executive functions are associated with infant visual working memory.

Caregiver executive functions (EFs) play an integral role in shaping cognitive development. Here, we investigated how caregiver EF abilities (87 caregivers; Mage = 33.4 years, SD = 4.5) was associated with visual working memory (VWM) in infants (86 infants females; Mage = 250.6 days, SD = 35.8). The BRIEF-A was used to assess caregiver EFs, and a preferential looking task along with brain imaging was used to assess VWM function in infants. Our findings revealed that better caregiver behavioural regulation was associated with better VWM performance, greater right-lateralized parietal activation, and bilateral frontal suppression, while better caregiver metacognition and emotional control was associated with greater right-lateralized temporal suppression in infants. Taken together, these associations suggest that better caregiver EF abilities might shape visuo-spatial attention and memory, guide fixation on task-relevant goals, and suppress distractions in children as early as the first year of life.