The Paradigmatic and Syntagmatic Dimensions in Abi Tammams Poem (A Allah Inee Khalidunn Ba d Khalidinn)

The syntagmatic dimension of speech is based on the speaker selecting a unit from a list of available units, thereby preferring one over the others and uttering it. In Abi Tammam Al-Dalia's poem, where he lamented Khaled Al-Shaibani, he chose words that are synonymous or share the intended meaning. He used words of destruction: death and killing, and words of illumination: the lamp, the star, and the crescent. He selected the snake and the lion from attacking animals and the sword and the spear from weapons. It appeared that the attributes controlling the animals also controlled the weapons. Collocation influenced word choice. The initiation in the syntagmatic dimension was organized around the name of the lamented (Khaled), which the poet passed on to the one who was immortalized after him. He established rhymes, and these rhymes have a morphological outcome; the end of the plural and the subject's noun had an abundant share. In the poem, the rhyme connects with one of the units of the line of poetry, as if it foretells its place before its arrival. This connection tends towards aspects of sound, meaning, or previous juxtaposition, and it has been acknowledged in criticism and rhetoric. The two close elements from the poem's era with the arts of these connections are: counterpart observance, export, contrast, and connections.