Exploring Sustainable Building Practices: Utilizing Olive Stone Waste and Crushed Glass in Concrete Mixtures

The utilization of waste materials in concrete production can provide potential technical and environmental benefits. In this study, the incorporation of recycled waste glass and olive stone aggregates as partial replacements for fine and coarse aggregates in concrete mixtures was evaluated. Coarse aggregate was replaced with crushed bottle glass, while fine aggregate was replaced with processed olive stones from agricultural waste. Five concrete mixtures were tested, with a control mixture containing 0% waste aggregates and others containing 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% replacements by weight of aggregates with waste glass and olive stones. The compressive strength, flexural strength, and thermal conductivity of standard concrete and specimens were evaluated. The results indicate that compressive strength was equal to or higher in the waste aggregate concretes compared to the control, with 20-30% of replacements showing the best performance. The olive stones increased flexural strength, while the glass reduced it compared to control samples. Thermal conductivity decreased linearly with increasing waste aggregate content due to the lower density and non-crystalline structures. These findings provide evidence that recycled glass and olive stone aggregates can be successfully used as sustainable substitutes for natural aggregates in concrete mixtures.