Biomaterials for cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, claiming countless lives and posing a formidable health challenge. Extensive efforts have been dedicated to combating this disease, including the development of innovative biomaterials for blood vessel stents, drug delivery and imaging diagnosis. These advancements have substantially addressed issues such as patient rejection and blood contamination. In this review, we begin by outlining the prevalence and various forms of CVD. Subsequently, we delve into advanced biomaterials—including synthetic biomaterials, natural biomaterials, and hybrid biomaterials—and medical instruments used in the treatment or alleviation of CVD, discussing their advantages and limitations. Finally, we offer insights into future prospects and strategies for refining these technologies and instruments moving forward.