Current reconstruction sensorless FOC control system based on brushless hub motor

With the increasing utilization of brushless DC motors, there is a need to address various issues associated with traditional square wave control schemes, such as low efficiency and high noise levels. A vector control system for a brushless DC motor was developed, utilizing the STM32 microcontroller as the primary control chip. This design incorporates a dual closed-loop control system for speed and current, along with the field oriented control (FOC) algorithm, to optimize the compensation of the rotor position signal in the control software. The FOC algorithm enables vector control, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of the electrical angle compensation. The main components of this study encompass the hardware architecture, software control function module diagram, and functional module process design. The experimental results demonstrate that, in comparison to conventional square wave control, the efficiency has been enhanced, noise has been mitigated, and commutation current fluctuations have been minimized. Finally, the system underwent simulation using a mathematical model, which demonstrated its favorable stability.