Exploring the Impact of Variations in Earth’s Obliquity and Eccentricity on Its Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Surface Temperature

Abstract The study of habitable planets has gained popularity, with a recent focus on finding Earth-like planets in the habitable zone. However, assessing habitability involves considering factors beyond just orbital position, including variations in surface temperature driven by obliquity and eccentricity. Understanding these orbital parameters is crucial for predicting surface temperature spatial and temporal distributions. Using a simplified energy balance model (EBM), we estimate surface temperature distributions through computational experiments, varying its obliquity. Extreme obliquities (>60°) lead to rapid, extreme temperature fluctuation, making it inhospitable for life.