Prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation among adolescents in rural Bangladesh

Abstract Background Suicide ranks as the fourth most common cause of death globally, which is more pronounced in lower-middle-income countries. LMICs witness 88% of adolescent suicides yearly, with a 14% prevalence of suicidal ideation. A few studies are available based on the suicidal behavior of young adults residing in rural Bangladesh. Objective This study seeks to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation in 11 to 17-year-old adolescents in a remote subdistrict in Bangladesh. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in Lohagara, a rural subdistrict in Narail, in southern Bangladesh from April, 15 to May 14, 2024. 350 subjects were recruited for the study, all of whom were school-going adolescents aged 11 to 17 years. The Bengali-translated versions of the Suicidal Behavior-Revised Questionnaire (SBQ-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21), as well as another structured questionnaire, were used to collect data from participants. Data analysis was done by STATA version 17. Result The prevalence of current suicidal ideation among adolescents is 21% (95% CI: 17% to 25.8%). Smoking, lack of close friends, an unfavorable family environment, and depression were found to be significantly associated with the development of suicidal ideation in adolescents. Unmarried and single relationship status played a protective role in growing young adults’ suicidal thoughts. Conclusion The notable prevalence of suicidal ideation in adolescents underscores the need for screening and intervention at an early age to protect them from dreadful consequences. By shedding light on this issue, different health promotional and educational programs, organized in schools and communities may help raise awareness in students, teachers as well as legal guardians. The ultimate goal is to safeguard adolescents from making devastating decisions with adequate counseling, care, and support.