Land use and Land cover Analysis using Geographical information system (GIS) and Principal component analysis (PCA)

Abstract Activities of humanoid made on Land Use (LU) indicate an effect on the Land Cover (LC) geographical and for the time being in the presently found in the surroundings. Changes are made continuously made in our study area which is identified by the use of Land-Use/Land-Cover. The purpose of finding areas to identified Land-Use/Land-Cover (LULC) transforms is to start relationships between significant activities, policy declarations, and associated LULC plans. In order to determine the type and extent of changes that have taken place, various dates of satellite photos are connected in a process known as identification of change. The use of LUL Cchange detection in "remote sensing" and “geographic information systems" (GIS) provides crucial learning tools. In order to resolve environmental issues, reliable data planned the evaluation of nature using various methodologies is crucial. By NDVI using as well as PCA parameter to measures land cover changes is main objective of this paper. Landsat 5 (TM) & Landsat 8, OLI/TIRS satellite images are used from 2000 to 2020 prove the thought of LC Change in Muzaffarpur region, Bihar. The four classes of LULC are known to produce the statistics of vegetation area, land area, water bodies, and Grass land. The research analysis revealed that vegetation is reduced about 28% where vegetation, land, Overall accuracy (OA) and kappa coefficient are improved, and Waterland grass and land are improved by 10%, 23%, and 1%, respectively.