Analysis of Perturb and Observe MPPT Under Varying PV Operating Climatic Conditions

Improving the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) sys-tems has emerged as a critical priority. Achieving optimal power production from solar modules requires operating at maximum power point (MPP) under various climatic conditions. This paper describes the operation of the Perturb and Observe (P&O) as an efficient Maximum Power-Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm. Simulations of various operating scenarios are performed using MATLAB to assess the algorithm efficiency under both Standard Test Conditions (STC) and Partial Shading Conditions (PSC). This study considers factors such as output power efficiency, time response, and steady-state power oscillation. The simulation results show a fast-tracking, lower oscillation in the case of STC but fail to track the MPP in the case of multi-panel under PSC.