Assessing the economic and energy use efficiencies of hybrid and inbred rice varieties through omission-plot technique in Lamjung, Nepal

Agricultural productivity relies upon energy input in the form of improved seeds, fertilizers, chemicals, irrigation and mechanization including management practices. This energy input is crucial for enhancing crop yields and meeting the demands of an ever-growing population. The increasing demand for rice production from an ever-increasing population and the dwindling nature of natural resources as a result of their continuous and excessive use underscore the urgency of studying energy use efficiency and sustainability in rice production. By conducting this experiment, the goal was to assess the yields, economics, and energy use efficiencies in rice. The experiment employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, comprising ten treatment combinations viz. US-312 + 60:30:20 kg NPK ha