Analysis of Patients Receiving Treatment for Inflammatory Breast Disease at Surgery Department of Tertiary Care Units

Abstract: Background: In the Surgery Department of Tertiary Care Units, an analysis of patients receiving treatment for inflammatory breast disease presents a critical assessment of disease patterns and therapeutic outcomes. This evaluation is pivotal in understanding the prevalence and efficacy of treatment modalities in addressing complex breast conditions within specialized care settings. Aims and Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of the care given to mastitis and breast abscess patients admitted to the surgical department of the Sir Gangaram Ram Hospital Lahore. Study Design: Prospective Analytical Cross-sectional Study. Place & duration of study: Current study was conducted in surgical department of the Sir Gangaram Ram Hospital Lahore from March 2023 to December 2023. Methodology: The patients those visited and admitted with a diagnosis of breast abscess were included regardless of age, size of the abscess and co-morbidities. The patient was informed of the available treatment options, and their priority was taken into account for the chosen course of action. Total 100 female patients were divided in two different groups. In group-A 60 patients were operated with local anesthesia and their abscess size was larger than 2.5 cm in diameter. While in group-B, 40 patients were conservatively managed and either ultrasound guided aspiration or no intervention is used. Either the size of the abscess was less than 2.5 centimeters in these patients, or there were signs of inflammation without any fluctuation. Whereas in case of conservative treatment hot fomentation and antibiotics were recommended, some patients who received surgery or minimally invasive treatment also received prescriptions for antibiotics. The antibiotics used were a combination of a beta-lactamase inhibitor, clavulanic acid, and a broad spectrum penicillin, namely amoxicillin, which could be used as an adjuvant or sole therapy. If there was no need for surgery to treat the abscess, the treatment was considered successful. Bio- statistical program (SPSS) version 2022 were used for the raw data description. Results: Total 100 female patients were considered and their aged from 20-40 years, lactating women were 42 while 58 women non-lactating. Group A consisted of 48 surgical patients who underwent incision and drainage, while Group B consisted of 52 patients who were treated conservatively. Ischemia, skin excoriation, wound sepsis, and postoperative septicemia were among the complications that were encountered during the postoperative period. Breast deformity, sinus formation, non-healing or closure, and organized abscess were diagnosed during the follow-up. There was no any mortality. Conclusion: Surgical drainage is the only option for treating breast abscesses, both large and small, as it significantly reduces morbidity.