Phytoremediation, Effective Technology in the Removal of Nutrients and Heavy Metals in Wastewater by Slavonia Molesta, and Pistoia Stratiotes

Many technologies are now utilized to remediate environmental contamination, and phytoremediation is an environmentally friendly technology poised to become one of the most important eco-friendly technologies employed by scientists in their study.Besides food and shelter, clean water is a requirement in human life.The primary sources of clean water are surface and subsurface water.However, due to fast population expansion and increased industrialization worldwide, many water sources are becoming contaminated.As a result, wastewater must be thoroughly treated before being discharged into the environment.Phytoremediation is a type of bioremediation that uses plants to remediate wastewater.Aquatic plants have the ability to absorb excess toxins such as organic and inorganic, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical pollutants found in agricultural, household, and industrial effluent.Salvinia molesta and Pistia stratiotes are two aquatic plants that have been widely employed in the treatment of agricultural, household, and industrial wastewater.The availability, durability in a hazardous environment, bioaccumulation potentials, invasive mechanism, and biomass potentials of these plants account for their widespread use.This review study examines the key functions and potentials of aquatic plants in wastewater remediation.