Linguistic and Cultural Realities in the Mirror of Translation (On the Example of the German Translation of G. Yakhina’s Novel “Zuleikha Opens Her Eyes”)

The article is devoted to one of the topical problems of modern translation studies which is the peculiarities of translating culturally marked vocabulary into a foreign language. The relevance of this issue is determined by the growing interest in the features of intercultural communication. It is obvious that a translator’s inattentive attitude to conveying nationally specific concepts of the original can lead to the loss of national character and, as a result, to an incorrect understanding of the particular country’s culture by foreign readers. The purpose of the research described in the article is to identify nationally colored (Tatar and Russian) lexical units in the German translation of G. Yakhina’s novel “Zuleikha Opens Her Eyes”, their classification and systematization of the main ways of translating these words. As a result of the factual material analysis, such groups of linguistic and cultural realities as household items, clothing, food, mythological creatures, religious cult realities, etc. were identified It was established that the most frequent ways of transferring the novel’s realities into German are transcription or transliteration, descriptive translation, translation commentary and the use of approximate correspondences.